Geographical position:

Cuba is located in the extreme northwest of the Antilles, bordered to the north by the Atlantic Ocean, which separates it from the United States and the Bahamas, to the east by the Paso de los Vientos, which separates it from Haiti, to the south by the Caribbean Sea and to the northwest with the Gulf of Mexico. With 11,616,000 inhabitants in 2017, it is the most populous country in the Antilles, with 110,860 km², the largest, and with 102.7 inhabitants / km², the third least densely populated, ahead of Dominica and the Bahamas.

The territory is organized into fifteen provinces and a special municipality.

The archipelago is completed by the Isla de la Juventud and a multitude of keys or small islands that surround them: Cayo Coco, Cayo Guillermo, Cayo Largo del Sur and Cayo Jutías, among others.

Tu oficial language is Spanish.

Climate:

Cuba’s climate generally has high temperatures. Annual mean values range from 24º C to 34º C, with exceptional lows of up to 4ºC being reported in the Bainoa plains, Mayabeque province. It presents two well-marked seasons: from November to April the dry season, cooler and less humid, and also considered as winter. The rainy season, summer, goes from the months of May to October, these being the most humid and hottest months of the year.

The rains are the main source of water for supplying the dams and reservoirs built throughout the country. Cuba does not have large rivers, the Toa stands out for being the most navigable nd the Cauto River, the longest.

The average relative humidity is 95%, mainly at sunrise and then drops to 50-60% at noon in the interior of the territory. The effect of high relative humidity gives the Cuban archipelago an intense sensation of heat for much of the year.

Mountains:

Cuba is divided into three regions: Western, Central and Eastern. In each one there is a well-located mountainous massif while the rest of the country is plain.

In the Western region are the Sierra del Rosario and the Sierra de los Órganos. In the Central Region there is the Sierra del Escambray and the Guamuhaya mountainous range, and in the Eastern Region there is the imposing Sierra Maestra, where the highest mountain in Cuba is located, the Pico Turquino, at 1974 m above sea level. The rest of the mountains do not exceed the 800m in height.

Flora and fauna:

The tropical forests of the mountainous areas present exuberant flora and fauna. The flora has more than 6,500 species with a great variety of palms, fruit trees and timber. The fauna consists mainly of mammals such as jutias, bats, deers; reptiles such as the Cuban crocodile and the non poisonous Santa María snake; amphibians such as the smallest frog in the world and a great variety of endemic and migratory birds, among which the zunzuncito, the cartacuba and the national bird of Cuba: the Tocororo.

None of the species that inhabit our forests, rivers and beaches represent any danger to human life, which makes these areas ideal for hiking, bird watching and water activities such as Snorkling and scuba diving.

The Cuban government also has environmental protection plans and in the country there are 6 zones declared Protected Areas of the Biosphere by UNESCO.